Monetary policy

Definition

What a central bank does with interest rates and its balance sheet to steer the economy.

The story

It's the Fed's half of managing the economy. It can change the price of money (rates) and how much money is around (the balance sheet). It can't build roads or change taxes; that's Congress.

Why markets watch it

It's the main driver of interest rates.

See it in the story

How money works · Chapter 6The Fed steps inWhy does the Fed raise or cut rates?

Connects to

Last seen in

The Week Ahead, Sunday, November 1, 2026 →

We explain why it moves markets. What you do with it is your call. Commentary and education only. Not financial advice. All terms